Experience of scleritis and episcleritis at a tertiary center in Southern Taiwan

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to review the clinical experiences of scleritis and episcleritis in Southern Taiwanese people during a 7-year period. METHODS The charts of 89 patients (representing 101 eyes) who had visited our clinic from January 2003 to July 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. They were diagnosed as having episcleritis or scleritis. The medical charts, slit lamp photographs, and laboratory data were reviewed. Age, gender, laterality, previous surgery history, systemic diseases, follow-up duration, and ocular complications were collected. The patients were classified as having clinically suspected noninfectious scleritis (CSNIS), clinically suspected infectious scleritis (CSIS), and episcleritis for analysis. RESULTS In the series of 89 patients (i.e., 101 eyes), 31 (34.8%; 32 eyes) patients had scleritis and 58 (65.2%; 69 eyes) patients had episcleritis. Episcleritis and scleritis occurred slightly more frequently in women than in men. In the 31 patients (32 eyes) diagnosed with scleritis, 12 (38.7%) patients had CSIS and 19 (61.3%) patients had CSNIS. Patients with scleritis were older than patients with episcleritis (p < 0.001). Previous pterygium excision was associated with CSIS and necrotizing scleritis. CONCLUSION Scleritis occurred in a more elderly population. It was more frequently associated with ocular complications, compared to episcleritis. Both CSNIS and CSIS were associated with a history of pterygium excisional surgery. Our series of patients had a high occurrence of necrotizing scleritis. All cases of necrotizing scleritis were associated with a history of previous ocular surgery.